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deflationary是什么意思，deflationary翻译
Deflationary
In the world of economics, deflationary refers to a situation where there is a general decrease in the price level of goods and services. It is the opposite of inflation, where there is an increase in the price level. Deflation can have both positive and negative effects on the economy, depending on the circumstances.
One of the main causes of deflation is a decrease in aggregate demand. This can be due to a variety of factors, such as a decrease in consumer spending, a decrease in investment, or a decrease in government spending. When aggregate demand decreases, businesses may lower their prices to stimulate demand, leading to a general decrease in the price level.
Another cause of deflation can be a decrease in the money supply. When there is less money available in the economy, people have less money to spend, which can lead to a decrease in aggregate demand and a decrease in prices. This can happen, for example, when central banks implement tight monetary policy to control inflation.
While deflation may seem like a good thing for consumers, as they can buy more goods and services for the same amount of money, it can actually have negative consequences for the economy. One of the main concerns with deflation is that it can lead to a debt trap. When prices are falling, the real value of debt increases, making it more difficult for borrowers to repay their loans. This can lead to a decrease in investment and consumption, further exacerbating the deflationary pressures.
Deflation can also lead to an increase in real wages. When prices fall, but wages remain constant, the real wage (the wage adjusted for inflation) increases. This can lead to an increase in production costs for businesses, as they have to pay higher wages. As a result, businesses may have to lower their prices further to maintain profitability, leading to a deeper deflationary spiral.
In summary, deflationary refers to a situation where there is a general decrease in the price level of goods and services. It can be caused by a decrease in aggregate demand or a decrease in the money supply. While deflation may seem like a good thing for consumers, it can have negative consequences for the economy, such as a debt trap and an increase in production costs. It is important for policymakers to carefully monitor deflationary pressures and implement appropriate measures to stabilize the economy.